Articles

Academic staff articles

Alexander the Great

D. Bahha Musa Alexander’s father , king Philip of Macedon had gone a long way towards achieving the union of all the provinces of mainland Greece and the island and at the of his assassination he was making preparation for war against Asia Minor and the east Alexander took up …

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Principles of Extraction

Dr. Safa Majeed Hameed     This article focuses on three widely used techniques for extraction of semivolatile organics from liquids: liquid–liquid extraction (LLE), solid-phase extraction (SPE), and solid-phase microextraction (SPME). Other techniques may be useful in selected circumstances, but these three techniques have become the extraction methods of choice …

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Microwave Technique for Synthesis Organic Compounds

Dr.Nadia Sadiq Majeed Department of Chemistry     In organic chemistry, one of the very current styles is microwave-assisted organic synthesis (MAOS). Many types of organic reaction examined successfully in microwaves (MWs) for preparation of heterocyclic compounds, pharmaceutical, carbon material, solid-phase peptide synthesis and nanoparticles because reduction of reaction time for …

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Delay Differential Equations

Prof. Amal Khalaf  Haydar Department of Mathematics       In mathematics, delay differential equations (DDEs) are a type of differential equations in which the derivative of the unknown function at a certain time is given in terms of the values of the function at previous times. DDEs are also called time-delay …

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The Liquid Crystals in Medicine

Assist. Proff. Mithaq M. Mehdy Al-Sultani          Lyotropic liquid-crystalline phases are abundant in living systems, the study of which is referred to as lipid polymorphism. Accordingly, lyotropic liquid crystals attract particular attention in the field of biomimetic chemistry. In particular, biological membranes and cell membranes are a form of liquid crystal. Their constituent molecules (e.g. phospholipids) …

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Which is the random laser?

Assist. Proff. Mithaq M. Mehdy Al-Sultani      A random laser is a laser that uses a highly disordered gain medium. A random laser uses no optical cavity, but the remaining principles of operation remain the same as for a conventional laser. Random laser action has been observed in many different media, including semiconductor powder, nanostructured and …

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