Ph.D. thesis submitted by the student, Rafel Haidar

     I researched a PhD thesis in the Faculty of Education for Girls at the University of Kufa (Molecular and histological diagnostic study of ticks in livestock in Al-Najaf Governorate) by the student (Rafel Haidar Saad) from the Department of Life Sciences.

The thesis aimed at the prevalence of hard ticks in cows in the province, genotyping the hard ticks in this region and comparing them with those found in other parts of the world, and examining the histological changes in the infected skin of cattle.

The thesis concluded that the ectoparasites Hyalomma and Rhipicephalus infected the cattle in the studied areas and the infection rate increased with the warmer weather and that all parts of the cattle body were susceptible to infection.
The thesis recommended the use of molecular techniques in the study of tick diagnosis due to its accuracy. And further studies on vaccination against it. And the infectious diseases it transmits, especially diseases that are transmitted to humans, such as hemorrhagic fever.